Basilica di San Marco

The Basilica di San Marco is the most important building in Venice and one of the most extraordinary interiors in Europe. It was built to house the remains of St Mark, smuggled out of Alexandria in 828 AD under a cover of pork fat (to deter Muslim customs inspectors). The exterior is five-domed Byzantine, covered in marble, gold mosaic, and sculpture looted from Byzantium after the Fourth Crusade, including the four bronze horses above the central door (the ones visible today are copies, the originals are in the museum upstairs). The interior is almost entirely covered in gold mosaic, 8,000 square metres of it, depicting biblical scenes and saints. The effect is not of a church but of a cave of gold. The Pala d'Oro behind the main altar is the high point of medieval goldsmith work: a jewelled altarpiece started in 976 and expanded over four centuries. Free entry to the main basilica (join the free queue on the left side of the piazza, not the paid fast-track queue, the wait is rarely more than 30 minutes). EUR 7 for the museum level above, which has the original bronze horses and much better mosaic views. Modest dress required (shoulders and knees covered), free covers available at the door.